Apparitions of deceased individuals, reported across every culture in human history. Ghosts may appear as full-body visual manifestations, partial figures, or simply a presence. Modern investigators use EMF meters, thermal cameras, and audio recorders to document encounters.
Belief in ghosts is as old as humanity itself. Ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Greek, and Roman texts all describe the spirits of the dead returning to interact with the living. The Egyptians built elaborate tombs to prevent spirits from haunting the living; the Romans held the Lemuria festival to appease malignant ghosts.
The scientific study of ghosts began in earnest with the founding of the Society for Psychical Research in London in 1882. Investigators including William Crookes and Frederic Myers collected thousands of accounts and attempted controlled experiments with mediums. The SPR's census of hallucinations (1894) found that 10% of the population reported seeing an apparition of a living or dead person at least once.
Modern ghost investigation uses equipment originally designed for other purposes: EMF meters detect electromagnetic fluctuations some believe spirits cause; thermal cameras reveal temperature anomalies; audio recorders capture EVP (Electronic Voice Phenomena) — sounds not heard at the time of recording. Locations such as the Stanley Hotel, Waverly Hills Sanatorium, and the Tower of London have become famous for the consistency and volume of documented encounters.
Gettysburg Battlefield Apparitions
The Battle of Gettysburg (July 1–3, 1863) resulted in over 50,000 casualties across three days — the bloodiest engagement in American history. Within months of the battle, locals reported seeing uniformed soldiers moving through the fields at night. These reports have continued without interruption for over 160 years.
Witnesses have described seeing Union and Confederate soldiers in authentic period uniforms marching in formation, sometimes vanishing mid-stride. Others report hearing cannon fire, drums, and screams with no source. Tourists have been touched or grabbed by unseen hands at Little Round Top. Multiple visitors have photographed what appear to be period-dressed figures that were not visible to the naked eye at the time of shooting.
The National Park Service has received thousands of reports. A study by historians found that the most active reported locations — the Triangular Field, the Devil's Den, and the Wheatfield — correspond precisely to the areas of highest battlefield mortality. Independent ghost investigation teams using audio, thermal, and EMF equipment have produced anomalous readings consistently in the same locations across multiple visits over decades.
Gettysburg is considered by paranormal researchers to be one of the most evidentially robust haunted locations in the United States, primarily due to the sheer volume of independently corroborating accounts from witnesses who had no prior knowledge of the location's history.
The Enfield Poltergeist
In August 1977, single mother Peggy Hodgson contacted police after furniture began moving on its own in her terraced house in Enfield, north London. The activity centred on her 11-year-old daughter Janet — and over the following 18 months, more than 30 witnesses including police officers, journalists, and SPR researchers documented what became one of the most thoroughly investigated poltergeist cases in history.
The phenomena escalated rapidly. Janet and her sister Margaret were photographed levitating from their beds. A voice that claimed to be the spirit of a former tenant — Bill — began speaking through Janet in a raspy, masculine register. The voice knew details about the house's history that the family could not have known. Objects flew across rooms, furniture dragged itself across floors, and Lego bricks and marbles materialised from nowhere and struck investigators.
SPR investigators Maurice Grosse and Guy Lyon Playfair spent over 14 months at the house. Both were initially sceptics. Grosse documented over 2,000 separate incidents. Voice recordings were analysed by audio experts who found the raspy voice produced by the forced exhalation of air over the false vocal cords — a sound that causes permanent injury if sustained and that an 11-year-old could not produce voluntarily for extended periods.
The case has been criticised by those who point to footage of Janet appearing to fake levitation by bouncing on her bed. Grosse maintained that this isolated incident of play did not account for the full 18 months of documented activity witnessed by adults. The Enfield case remains the benchmark against which all poltergeist investigations are measured.
Hampton Court CCTV Apparition
In October 2003, staff at Hampton Court Palace in Surrey — Henry VIII's 16th-century royal residence — were repeatedly called to investigate a fire door in a closed wing of the palace that was setting off an emergency alarm by being forced open from inside. When they arrived, the corridor was empty with no one visible on camera.
On the third alarm, the palace's own CCTV footage was reviewed. The recording showed the fire door bursting open with considerable force from inside. A figure in what appeared to be a long, dark, period costume briefly filled the doorway before the doors swung shut. The figure was clearly not there on repeat viewings, and no member of staff or public was in that wing at the time.
Palace security described the footage as "alarming" and stated they could find no rational explanation. The footage was released publicly and attracted international media coverage. Analysts who examined it found no evidence of tampering, and the door's behaviour — swinging open with force from the secured interior side — was not consistent with wind, mechanical failure, or any identifiable physical cause.
Hampton Court is reportedly one of Britain's most haunted locations, with documented sightings of figures including Catherine Howard (Henry VIII's fifth wife, executed at the Tower of London) and a grey lady seen at the same locations over four centuries. The 2003 CCTV incident remains officially unexplained by palace management.
The Newby Church photograph, taken in 1963 by Reverend K. F. Lord. The figure was not seen at the time of shooting.
Credit: Reverend K. F. Lord / Public Domain
View sourceMy partner and I booked room 217 at the old Beaumont Hotel not knowing about its history. Around 3 AM I woke to a drop in temperature so severe I could see my breath. Standing near the wardrobe was a translucent figure in what looked like Victorian-era clothing — female, facing away from us. I managed to grab my phone and get about 8 seconds of video before it simply faded. The hotel staff the next morning went pale when I described her. Apparently a woman named Clara died in that room in 1912. The video is shaky but she's clearly there.
We moved into our house in September and things started small. Knocking from inside the walls at night. The smell of cigarette smoke in rooms where no one has ever smoked. Then two weeks ago it escalated: kitchen cabinets all opened simultaneously while we were eating dinner. Last Thursday a hardcover flew off the bookshelf and hit the opposite wall with enough force to dent the drywall. We have two kids (7 and 10) and we are genuinely frightened. I've set up cameras throughout the house. On review I can see objects moving but no one near them. Our 7-year-old says she talks to "the man with the grey face" in her room at night. We're not religious people but we are running out of rational explanations.
This happened two nights ago and I am still not okay. I set up a trail camera in my basement after hearing dragging sounds for three weeks. I checked the footage this morning expecting to find a raccoon or a burst pipe. Instead, frame 847 shows a figure standing in the far corner facing the wall. Approximately 6 feet tall. Completely white — not wearing white, white. Like the colour had been removed from it. It was there for exactly one frame (the camera shoots every 3 seconds) and gone in the next. I have lived alone in this house for six years. The basement door was locked from the inside when I went down this morning. I don't know what to do. I'm posting the image now.